What is the working principle of a circuit breaker?

Nheyo yekushanda yeacircuit breaker revolves around the core logic of monitoring, judgment, and execution. Through its built-in tripping mechanism and arc-extinguishing system, it achieves normal circuit connection and disconnection control and rapid interruption of faulty circuits. Specifically, it can be divided into normal operating mode and fault protection mode. The arc-extinguishing system is a crucial auxiliary mechanism ensuring reliable tripping.

Kana dunhu rikasangana nekukanganisa kwakadai sekuremedza, dunhu pfupi, kana undervoltage, iyo yakavakirwa-mukati rwendo unit inokonzeresa yekukiya nzira yekuvhura, ichiita otomatiki kutsika. Kukanganisa kwakasiyana kunopindirana nemisimboti yekukanganisa:

Overload Dziviriro (Thermal Tripping Principle)

Core Component: Bimetallic strip (yakagadzirwa nemashizha maviri esimbi ane akasiyana zvakanyanya coefficients ekuwedzera kwekupisa akatsikirirwa pamwechete).

Kushanda Logic: Kana dunhu raremerwa, ikozvino inoramba ichipfuura kukosha kwakayerwa, zvichiita kuti bimetallic strip ikotame uye iparare nekuda kwekupisa. Kana iyo deformation ichisvika pachikumbaridzo, inosundira nzira yekuvhara kuti ivhure, uye iyo inofamba inobata inopwanya dunhu pasi pechiito chechitubu.

Zvimiro: Kunonoka kuita; kuremerwa kwenguva pfupi (senge mota kutanga) hazvikonzere kugumburwa, kudzivirira kutsika kwenhema.

Pfupi Kudzivirirwa Kwedunhu (Electromagnetic Tripping Principle)

Core Component: Electromagnetic coil (ronda rakatenderedza musimboti wesimbi).

Operating Logic: Kana dunhu diki rikaitika, iyo yazvino inosimuka ipapo kusvika makumi kana kunyange mazana enguva yakayerwa kukosha. Iyo electromagnetic coil inogadzira simba rakasimba remagetsi, ichikwevera iyo musimboti wesimbi kurova iyo yekukiya michina, nekukasika kuvhura dunhu.

Zvimiro: Millisecond-level yekukurumidza kuita, inokwanisa kucheka dunhu munguva pfupi yakanyanyisa, kudzivirira kupisa kwearc kumidziyo kana kukonzera moto.

Undervoltage/Kurasika-kwe-Voltage Dziviriro (Undervoltage Tripping Principle)

Core Component: Undervoltage rwendo coil, yakabatana mukufanana mudunhu kuti itarise voltage.

Operating Logic: Kana iyo voltage inodonha pazasi inosvika makumi manomwe muzana yemutengo wakayerwa kana kurasika zvachose, simba remagetsi rerwendo coil rinonyangarika, uye musimboti wesimbi, pasi pechiito chechirimo, unokonzeresa nzira yekukiya kuvhura, kucheka dunhu.

Basa: Inodzivirira midziyo kubva mukushanda zvisina kujairika uye kukuvara pasi pemhepo yakaderera, uye inodzivirira njodzi yekuchengetedza inokonzerwa nekukasira kutanga kwemidziyo kana simba radzoreredzwa.

Kudzivirirwa kweLeakage (Residual Current Protection Principle)

Core Component: Zero-sequence current transformer.

Operating Logic: Under normal circumstances, the currents in the phase and neutral lines are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. The magnetic flux in the transformer core cancels each other out, resulting in no induced current output. When leakage occurs (such as electric shock), some current is lost through the ground, causing an imbalance in the two-phase currents. The transformer generates an induced signal, triggering the trip unit.

Zvimiro: Yakaderera yekushanda chikumbaridzo (kazhinji 30mA), inotungamira kuchengetedzeka kwemunhu.